Examples Of Betrayal In Macbeth - 703 Words

The play was set in a time in which there was Kings that ruled certain areas and many people wanted to be kings. In some cases people wanted to be a king so much that they would eventually kill someone for that title. The play of Macbeth is an example of how someone wants something so bad that they will do anything to get the thing that they want. Some of the things that Macbeth does is not what people would do in todays world but actually happened in that time. In Macbeth there were many different acts of betrayal including the Thane of Cawdor of Scotland betrays Scotland and fights on Norways side, Macbeth betraying the King, and also Macbeth betraying his friend Banquo. The Thane of Cawdor betrays Scotland and fights on the side or†¦show more content†¦But, later on in the play we learn by the witched that Banquos descendants will become King and that they will prosper. It says â€Å"Thou shalt get kings, though thou be none†, when Macbeth learns about this and hears about it he is scared and then eventually considers Banquo as a threat to him to become King. So Macbeth has to come up with a solution to this and eventually comes up with the solution that he must murder Banquo and his son Fleance. He gets two murders to go out and murder Banquo and his son while they are walking so that his promise of becoming king will not be in jeopardy. This is an ironic act of betrayal because Macbeth and Banquo have been friends for a long time and have done everything together. Banquo was not just his friend he was also the co-commander of the army and had some power in Scotland. There are many more acts of betrayal in the play but these are some of the main ones and they play a main role in the play to show what betrayal does to people. When Macbeth has betrayed many people in the play others start to grow in hatred of him. Other people in the play learn about what Macbeth had done and they grow angry because of everything he had done just so that he would be able to be king. One of the people that got angry was Macduff and he had planned to kill Macbeth and was going to give the title of king to Malcolm. At the end of the play Macduff kills Macbeth and MalcolmShow MoreRelatedTheme Of Betrayal In Macbeth923 Words   |  4 PagesBetrayal in Macbeth William Shakespeare’s Macbeth focuses on many themes all at once. Like life, there is no one central theme that drives the play along and moves action forward. While a central theme, there is one present in Macbeth that is interesting to dissect, and that is the theme of betrayal. This theme moves the play along more than any other and is one of the most interesting. Three key examples of betrayal in Macbeth are of the obvious betrayal of Duncan by Macbeth, the emotional betrayalRead MoreBetrayal Of William Shakespeare s Macbeth1382 Words   |  6 PagesBetrayal in Macbeth The presence of loyalty in the beginning is what creates a room for betrayal at some point in life. Issues of betrayal are a daily occurrence, each driven by issues and cases based on loyalty. Betrayal and loyalty both play the head and tail sides of the coin as they go along but produce conflicting forces. In order for one to betray, they would have weighed who they will be loyal to and they is always a presence of ambition during the course. Betrayal is an issue that has beenRead MoreBanquos Great Betrayal1109 Words   |  5 PagesExperience through language in Macbeth in which for my assignment I have ch0sen Banquo as my character. The key theme I have chosen from the play is betrayal and murder. Banquo was a brave and noble general and at that time was a great friend of Macbeth. Like Macbeth, Banquo thinks of things in an ambitious way however he does not at all show the ambitious thoughts in his actions. In a sense, Banquo’s character stands as rebuke to Macbeth, in a way that shows the path Macbeth chose not to take, a pathRead MoreThe Compromise Of Personal Moral Standards1678 Words   |  7 PagesMacbeth: The Compromise of Personal Moral Standards Macbeth was written by William Shakespeare in the early 1600’s in the time of King James I. King James I was James VI of Scotland before succeeding to the crown of England in the early 1600’s. Macbeth was written to please King James I as he had a desire to study the supernatural and their ability to control fate. The idea that everything moral has an evil counterpart can cause someone to struggle to maintain or regain their moral standards isRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Macbeth - Macbeth s Quest For Glory1414 Words   |  6 PagesEvilness itself is a betrayal of the habitual human nature of any person. The natural tendency of a person is morality; however, that inclination can be corrupted and influenced into twisted malevolence. A common image in the play representing this evil is the serpent, shown to be a conniving, wicked tempter. This symbol takes many forms throughout the story, beginning as a comparison of the ideal character Macbeth should strive to be and finishing as yet another threat to Macbeth’s quest for gloryRead MoreEssay about The Symbol Of Blood In Macbeth1109 Words   |  5 Pages The Symbol Of Blood In Macbeth Blood is something that we need to live. So it is clearly understood when Shakespeare uses the symbol of blood to represent murder, betrayal, and death, to show all of the evil that was going on. It is a symbol that was used the most in the play Macbeth, and had different meanings. One of the first references to blood represents a feeling of honour, and bravery. It is in Act I scene 2 line 1. Duncan says, â€Å"What bloody man is that?† when he sees the injured sergeantRead MoreAnalysis Of Wuthering Heights 1398 Words   |  6 Pageschildish. The betrayal in this book come when Heathcliff feels that Catherine betrayed herself by not pursuing his love. Hindle also showed jealousy towards heathcliff. In the play Macbeth written by William Shakespeare, Lady Macbeth is the most famous woman character. She is stronger, more ambitious and ruthless than her husband. Lady Macbeth pushed her husband , Macbeth to betray and kill King Duncan of Scotland. The theme of destructive love within relationships in Shakespeare’s Macbeth and Bronte’Read MoreAmbition in Your Life1258 Words   |  6 Pagesthe novel Frankenstein and in the Play Macbeth, ambition is the main theme in these two pieces. Both Victor and Macbeth had great dreams of accomplishing ce rtain things that defy a higher order. Ambition drove both of them to strive for what they want and never give up on their dreams. Ambition without doubt help or even single handling brought Macbeth and Victor to their dreams. Ambition is the best quality that a person can have, it allowed Victor and Macbeth to achieve what they always wanted. WhateverRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Macbeth As A Butcher828 Words   |  4 PagesAt the end of the play, Malcolm describes Macbeth as a â€Å"butcher†. Do you think that Macbeth is merely portrayed as a â€Å"butcher†? Malcolm’s description of Macbeth as a â€Å"butcher† is appropriate at face value due to Shakespeare’s portrayal of excessive violence, it seems as though Macbeth possesses this â€Å"vaulting ambition† which allows him to endure the tendencies of a â€Å"butcher†. The connotations of a â€Å"butcher† implies a de-sensitised individual capable of slaughtering animals or in this case humansRead MoreDestructive Love In Brontes Macbeth And Wuthering Heights1395 Words   |  6 Pagesrelationships in Shakespeare’s MacBeth and Bronte’s Wuthering Heights are presented through sexism, jealousy and betrayal. Destructive love is an active process of destroying the affection and tenderness between a couple. Both authors represent this kind love well in their respective stories. Lady MacBeth was a mastermind the way she had control in the beginning of Macbeth. She influenced MacBeth to do all his actions. An example of this is when Lady MacBeth told MacBeth â€Å"When you durst do it/then you

A Brief Look at Washington Irving - 1441 Words

Washington Irving Washington Irving was considered to be the first professional man of letters and was influential in the development of short stories. He was the first author to sell his stories abroad other than America. Washington Irving was born and raised in New York City on April 3, 1783, and he was the youngest of eleven children. Washington Irving was the first American to make a living as an author during his career in the early 1800’s. His short stories left a lasting and of most influential work. Irving’s short stories and poems were one of the first folk stories wrote and are still read about today. Washington Irving graduated from private school in 1798. He went on to law school and worked in a law office for a short period of time because he did not enjoy working in the law office. After leaving the law office he decided to go work in various different offices including writing for a couple of newspapers which was edited by his brother, Peter. Washington Irving first full length book appeared in December 1809. Many of the book plays were about the dutch settlers and the british. Irving continue to write for various newspapers until the death of his fiance, Matilda Hoffman, this left Irving struggling for several years. After struggling for about six years, Washington’s brothers made him part of the family business of the import/ export business. Irving still being saddened by the loss of his fiance wasn’t very motivated in the business, this eventually ledShow MoreRelatedThe American Character Essay1814 Words   |  8 PagesWashington Irving expertly reflects American history in his piece of 1819 â€Å"Rip Van Winkle.† Unbeknownst to Rip Van Winkle, the colonies are now free of British rule as Irving writes, â€Å"Here a general shout burst from the bystanders—‘A Tory! a Tory! a spy! A refugee! hustle him! Away with him’† (Matthews, 2007, para. 36). Rip enters the village armed, ignorant of the fac t that he presents the look of a loyalist. The question of being a refugee is preferable to accusations of being a Tory, as a colonistRead More Comparing the Hero in Fall of the House of Usher, Rip Van Winkle, and May-Pole of Merry Mount1600 Words   |  7 Pagesnon-conforming, and rarely lives in the â€Å"here and now,† but, on the contrary, is well rounded, skilled in some fashion, and able to communicate with all walks of life. Romantic heroes are found in the works of Nathaniel Hawthorne, Edgar Allen Poe, and Washington Irving. Edith and Edgar are the hero and heroine of â€Å"The May-Pole of Merry Mount† by Nathaniel Hawthorne. Though the people of Merry Mount are themselves romantic, these two characters typify authentic Romantic qualities. In this shortRead MoreA Common Story Told Around Halloween1301 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Headless Horseman. Within the past century, both Disney and Hollywood have given their views on the classic tale. Disney holds most of the original concept of Irving s tale than the Tim Burton’s movie. However, the changes in the bridge scene, the concept of the characters, and the horseman takes valuable meaning away from Irving s timeless classic â€Å"The Legend of Sleepy Hollow.† In Irving’s original and Walt Disney view of the bridge scene was the same. The legend according to Brom BonesRead More The Search for America in Rip Van Winkle and The Legend of Sleepy Hollow3267 Words   |  14 PagesThe Search for America in Rip Van Winkle and The Legend of Sleepy Hollow      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the early to mid-1800s, Washington Irving was an immensely popular writer heralded as one of the great American writers.   Irvings importance lies especially in Rip Van Winkle and The Legend of Sleepy Hollow, the sketches in which he creates the vision of the alternate America(n).   His critique of American society through his main characters-Rip and Ichabod-and the towns in which they live gives shapeRead More Timeline of American Literature and Events Essay3022 Words   |  13 Pagesgovernment, and maintain peace in their new land. Anne Bradstreet’s piece of 1666 â€Å"Verses upon the burning of our House† expresses her thoughts, prayers, and ideas of her relationship with God. This correlates Puritan history in America whereby all look to the Bible and God’s word for guidance. Bradstreet writes, â€Å"And to my God my heart did cry to strengthen me in my Distresse†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Lancashire, 2005, para. 1). Bradstreet instinctively reaches out for God to give her the strength to survive in thisRead MoreEssay on Early American History and Traditions of Excellence2607 Words   |  11 Pagescolonists, as they did not have any representation in the British parliament. America declared themselves free in the Declaration of Independence in 1776 and the Revolutionary War officially broke out in 1779. The war lasted until 1784 when George Washington led his troops to victory at the Battle of Yorktown. Upon entering the world as a young country, America encountered both changes and challenges. Following the war, America inflicted its citizens with taxes. As a result of theses taxes, manyRead MoreImpact of Print Media on Society10439 Words   |  42 Pagesher communication classes for my dissertation research. She made that part easy. I am indebted to the elders of the Concord Street Church of Christ: Brothers Churck Lipford, Bob Cawthon, Jerry Dickinson, Ulysses Campbell, Jerry Liddick and Anthony Washington. Without their blessing and the generous sabbatical from preaching duties to allow me to finish and defend my dissertation, I could not have finished. v I am indebted to the members of the Concord Street Church of Christ, who prayed for me asRead MoreEssay on The Rich Get Richer and the Poor Get Prison12486 Words   |  50 Pagesentries for race or racial discrimination but none for class or income of offenders. It would seem that both independent and government data gatherers are more willing to own up to America’s racism than to its class bias. Nevertheless, it does not pay to look at these as two independent forms of bias. It is my view that, at least as far as criminal justice is concerned, racism is simply one powerful form of economic bias. I use evidence on differential treatment of blacks as evidence of differential treatmentRead MoreTeacher Qualification and Student Academic Achievement9860 Words   |  40 PagesScientist at Johns Hopkins University, this would not have been possible. I would like to add a special thanks to Professor Thomas Dee, Associate Professor of Economics and the Director of Public Policy Pr ogram at Swarthmore College, who suggested that I look at this particular data set (ECLS-K). I am extremely grateful for his advice, since this project would not have gotten this far without his help. I also thank my advisor Professor Saleha Jilani, who supervised the entirety of the project. Her patienceRead MoreThe Studio System Essay14396 Words   |  58 Pagesintroduction of the producer, or studio syste Cinema is a collaborative art so it is difficult to determine the influence of one particular person on a film. The only way to truly judge a single persons contribution to film is to look at their entire filmography, in that way you can begin to distinguish patterns that can be identified with individuals. With this in mind, it is fair to say that the art director has more influence on a given film than nearly anyone

Julie Free Essays

â€Å"BP is a multinational energy business that has 92,000 employees and operates in 175 countries. When a new chief executive was recruited internally at BP (Tony Hayward), he promised to improve the company’s disappointing performance by quickly changing its culture to become more innovative and responsive to its customers. † Q: How easy do you think it is for a new chief executive to change the culture of an organization quickly? Justify your answer with reference to BP /or other businesses that you know. We will write a custom essay sample on Julie or any similar topic only for you Order Now The BP Company has experienced a huge explosion at its Texas City Refinery in 2005, the oil spillage in Alaska in 2006 and also the Gulf of Mexico explosion in the BP oilfield in 2010, and these occurrences have had effects on the BP’s reputation and the business performance. As a new chief executive officer, Tony Hayward was recruited in June 2007 and he took over for BP’s highly-respected former CEO Lord Browne. The new CEO of BP may be able to use his own leadership or management style to change the culture of the organization and also try to help the business to grow and improve better. However, the extent to which the effectiveness of his way of leading the business and how quickly it can be for change to eh business culture are depends upon different factors. Firstly, Tony Hayward uses the democratic and paternalistic leadership style to manage the business. Hayward was describing as a typical command and control organization that is overly focused on cost-cutting and consumed with firefighting. According to the website, Hayward had shared his opinion of the culture of the business and three major points with other members of senior management. He stated that the BP is having the leadership style that probably is too directive and doesn’t listen sufficiently well. The top of the organization doesn’t listen hard enough to what the bottom of the organization is saying. BP has a management style that has made a virtue out of doing more for less which in some cases is okay and might work, but it needs to be managed and deployed with great judgment and wisdom, and when it isn’t, the BP may run into troubles. Another thing that Hayward is trying to say is that he thinks the BP should think more about the maintenance of a piece of equipment for a longer time period but not the short term benefit like cutting the cost, for example, it is not responsible to cut budgets related to safety and maintenance without thoroughly examining the impact on the risk of a catastrophic accident. At the same time, Hayward is well known and has experiences in the organization. If the workers can get involved more to the business so that this might lead to better decision making and he also want workers to feel more secure and happy in their jobs, since he hope to make the business to become more innovative. For example, in changing situations that demand a new way of thinking or a fresh solution, stuff input can be very helpful and valuable. These management strategies may lead the business to perform better, and if the whole business is having more motivation to work which on the other words means to become more responsive to its customers and furthermore, it may enable BP to raise it reputation and gain its public’s trust again. However, on the other hand, changing the corporative culture of the business can be very difficult and in reality, it take times for the business to get used to the changes before it moves on to the other stage of better business performance. There are also some other factors that can influence the leadership style. For example, if the employees of BP are more used to the leadership style of the previous CEO, although it is believed that management strategies can significant influence the whole business, but it might still lead to a bad or worse business performance or the resistance from the employees from accepting the changes in the culture of the business. The CEO of BP may not be able to change the business culture quickly or expecting a sudden change in the innovative ability of the business, most of the strategies take time to result in the good way and become effective for the whole business. Another factor is that because for the natural of the business, like its reputation has been influence by the serious occurrences that happened before and BP had also lost some public trusts, rather than trying to change negative aspect, it might be better and easier for them to concentrate on the positive aspects of the business and how it currently operates. Some of the external factors that will influence the leader’s ability may be the economic issue like recession, for example, the rapid decisions taken at a senior level may be needed to secure the survival of the business during the recession. There are also some problems associated with the change in organizational culture. Firstly, If the establishment of the new objectives and a mission statement is not clear or is not accurately reflecting the new values and attitudes that are to be adopted, these new aspects of the business all needed to be communicated to all the employees of BP, otherwise it might lead to a demotivation of the workforce of the whole business. Secondly, if the CEO of BP is unable to change the culture of the business in the quick way because of lack of training, so they may need to train staff in new procedures and new ways of working. If the people believe in the change and understand the benefits of it, then it will become more acceptable to them. In conclusion, it is possible for a new chief executive to change the culture of an organization and have positive influences if the CEO implement the right strategies and has set the objects clear and communicate well to the whole business. However, it takes time for the BP Company to accept or get used to the changes of the business culture in a short period of time. Therefore, if the CEO is able to avoid the possible negative influences that might affect the change in organizational culture and the factors that might have an impact on the BP’s performance, then the new CEO may be able to help BP to improve the company’s disappointing performance and achieve its main corporate objectives in the future. How to cite Julie, Papers

Critical Studies In Organization And Bureaucracy

Question: Describe about the Critical Studies In Organization And Bureaucracy? Answer: Introduction: This particular report is intended to represent information gathered to make business decision in an appropriate manner. Here, it is noted that Mr. Graeme Craig, the business development director at TFL (travel for London) seeks advice regarding whether to continue the bus service on route no 23 or not. In order to support Mr. Graeme Craig to take decision regarding this particular aspect, information related to bus service at route no 23 were collected and then those information were assessed in below mentioned section with the help of several statistical tools. The entire evaluation includes four parts such as Part A, Part B, Part C and Part D. Background of the study: It is noted that Mr. Graeme Craig assumes the bus service on this route 23 is not utilized by many people for the reason that the route is dwelled by the business person as well as the households have at least one car at their disposal. Under such circumstance continuing the bus service on this route indicates that the government experienced huge amount of cost. So, it is important to recognize whether continuation of this bus services is profitable or not. Part A: Data Gathering: This section of the study aims to provide information about what kind of data were gathered to resolve the issue and how data were gathered. P1: It is noted that the issue that exists here, entirely revolved around the perception of Mr. Graeme Craig regarding this particular bus route. There is no such evidenced to conclude how many people are travelled all the way through this route and how many of them used the bus service on route no 23 while travelling. Further, it is also estimated that most of the people who travelled through this route having at least one private car. So, there might be circumstances, where people prefer to travel using private cars rather public bus services. Under such circumstances, it is necessary to review the number of people used this bus service time to time as well as it is also required to assess the perception of the individual people who travel through this route. So, basically the primary data needs to be collected here. Now, to collect primary data, two specific instruments were used here. First of all, there is followed a observational study, with the help of which, number of people use the bus service will be pointed on each hour all the way through Monday to Sunday. The data gathering will start from early morning at 7 AM to 10 PM each day. On the other hand a closed ended questionnaire will used to gather information from the people who travel through this route. P2: Under such circumstances, it is clear that here the research methodology includes mainly two type of data collection techniques, the observational study and the questionnaire method. When the sample for observational study is the entire population who travel all the way through this route; for questionnaire study, 100 people were selected who travel through this route 23. Here, the conventional sampling method is applied for selecting those 100 people as it is the best approach to draw sample which appropriately represent the entire population. P3: The below table will use for observational study: Table 1 Time Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun Total 0700 - 0800 0 0800 - 0900 0 0900 - 1000 0 1000 - 1100 0 1100 - 1200 0 1200 - 1300 0 1300 - 1400 0 1400 - 1500 0 1500 - 1600 0 1600 - 1700 0 1700 - 1800 0 1800 - 1900 0 1900 - 2000 0 2000 - 2100 0 2100 - 2200 0 Total 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Here, number of passengers travelled through bus service on route no 23 were pointed out during every hour. The below questionnaire is used to gather information about the perception of people about the bus service on route no 23: Name: Occupation: Mode of transport used while travelling: Are you feeling comfortable while using bus service on route no 23? Yes No Do you think the bus service on route no 23 is important for travellers who used this particular route? Strongly agree; Agree; Indifferent; Disagree; Strongly disagree; Do you think having personal car significantly influence the number of passengers of route no 23? Strongly agree; Agree; Indifferent; Disagree; Strongly disagree; Overall you satisfied with the service provided by route 23 bus services? Strongly agree; Agree; Indifferent; Disagree; Strongly disagree; Data calculation Part B: P4: The below mentioned table provide the total number of passengers during each time slot as well each total passengers travelled each day through using route no 24. Time Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun Total passengers in each time slot 0700 - 0800 8 10 9 8 10 6 0 51 0800 - 0900 11 10 8 8 7 8 1 53 0900 - 1000 12 12 7 9 8 5 2 55 1000 - 1100 7 8 8 9 1 2 8 43 1100 - 1200 6 5 4 7 1 4 8 35 1200 - 1300 6 3 2 4 3 4 10 32 1300 - 1400 5 2 2 2 3 5 8 27 1400 - 1500 2 6 4 3 3 4 10 32 1500 - 1600 6 2 6 3 4 5 8 34 1600 - 1700 8 3 7 4 4 4 5 35 1700 - 1800 6 4 8 7 8 5 4 42 1800 - 1900 6 5 8 6 6 9 4 44 1900 - 2000 2 2 6 6 7 8 1 32 2000 - 2100 2 2 2 1 10 10 0 27 2100 - 2200 1 2 0 0 10 9 0 22 Total daily passenger 88 76 81 77 85 88 69 564 P5: Referred to the table mentioned below, it can be said that the average number of passengers during each time slot is 38. Time Total number of passenger during each time slot 0700 - 0800 51 0800 - 0900 53 0900 - 1000 55 1000 - 1100 43 1100 - 1200 35 1200 - 1300 32 1300 - 1400 27 1400 - 1500 32 1500 - 1600 34 1600 - 1700 35 1700 - 1800 42 1800 - 1900 44 1900 - 2000 32 2000 - 2100 27 2100 - 2200 22 Average 38 Referred to the table mentioned below, it can be said that the average number of daily passenger is 81. Day Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun Total daily passenger 88 76 81 77 85 88 69 Average daily passenger 81 (Lockyer and Lockyer, 1984) Discussion: The above calculation shows that during each hour on an average 38 people travelled through this route. On the other hand, it is also noted that during a week on an average 81 people travelled through this route. Further, the study also shows that the passengers mostly use this bus service during morning hours that is from 7 AM to 10 AM. So, it can be said that frequency of the buses should be increased during this time and needs to extend the frequency during odd time (Lowe, 1969). P6: [a] Variance using the total passenger for each time slot: Time Total (X-Mean)^2 0700 - 0800 51 179.56 0800 - 0900 53 237.16 0900 - 1000 55 302.76 1000 - 1100 43 29.16 1100 - 1200 35 6.76 1200 - 1300 32 31.36 1300 - 1400 27 112.36 1400 - 1500 32 31.36 1500 - 1600 34 12.96 1600 - 1700 35 6.76 1700 - 1800 42 19.36 1800 - 1900 44 40.96 1900 - 2000 32 31.36 2000 - 2100 27 112.36 2100 - 2200 22 243.36 Variance 93.17333333 Standard Deviation 9.652633492 [b] Variance using the total daily passengers: Time Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun Total 88 76 81 77 85 88 69 (X-Mean)^2 55.18367 20.89795918 0.183673 12.7551 19.61224 55.18367 133.898 Variance 42.53061224 Standard deviation 6.52155 The variance and standard deviation measures the deviation from the mean result. Here, from the variance and standard deviation result, it is noted that the variance and standard deviation for total passengers based on each time slot is greater than variance and standard deviation of daily total passengers. So, number of passengers during each time slot changes more frequently than changes in daily passengers. P7: It is noted that a percentile provides information regarding how well the data are spread over the specified interval. Using particular values of percentile, generally it can be predict how much data remain above this level and how much data remain below this range. Quartiles are specific percentiles. There are mainly three percentiles are used in business decision making, such as first percentile, second percentile or median and third percentile. Taken for example, the median or the second percentile indicates that 50 percent of the data remain above this point and 50 percent of the data remain below this point. Correlation coefficient shows the association between variables. These help researchers to decide what the variables that influence the predicted variables are. Part C: P8: [a] Bar Chart: [b] Histogram: From the above graphical presentation of data, it can be said that this particular bus service evidenced more than 70 passengers during each day in a week. In particular, during Monday, Wednesday, Friday and Saturday, the bus service evidenced more than 80 passengers. However, the histogram shows that among those days, during the morning time, the frequency of use this bus service is greater than other time slots. P9: The above trend line shows a linear trend throughout the week. It shows that the use of bus service slightly reduced during the weekends. So, there is an indication that working professionals are utilized this bus services during morning times (Kimmel et al., 2008). P12: Number of car in each household No of daily bus journey Number of car in each household 1 No of daily bus journey -0.93434 1 (Kimmel, Weygandt and Kieso, 2007) From the above table it is noted that there is a strong negative correlation between number of car in each household and no of daily bus journey. So, it can be said that no prediction can be done about the daily bus journey based on number of cars in each household. Using excel spreadsheet add in, the correlation coefficient is calculated here. Below are the detailed calculation procedures: P13: Based on information given by Mr Anderson below are the details about the critical path: (Lockyer, 1969; Fitzgerald, 2002) From this critical path, it can be said that activities B, C, D, E and J are said to be critical and hence, any delay on completion of those activities will result delay of project completion period. P14: Below are the details calculations of two alternatives: East London clinic Year 0 1 2 3 4 5 Initial cash inflow $ 2,55,000.00 Cash outflow $ 90,000.00 $ 85,000.00 $ 90,000.00 $ 91,000.00 $ 1,10,000.00 Cumulative cash outflow $ -2,55,000.00 $ -1,65,000.00 $ -80,000.00 $ 10,000.00 $ 1,01,000.00 $ 2,11,000.00 Cost of capital 20% Discounting factor 1.00 0.833333333 0.694444444 0.578703704 0.482253086 0.401877572 Present value $ 75,000.00 $ 59,027.78 $ 52,083.33 $ 43,885.03 $ 44,206.53 Total present value $ 2,74,202.67 Payback period 2.888888889 Years Net present value $ 19,202.67 Central London clinic Year 0 1 2 3 4 5 Initial cash inflow $ 5,30,000.00 Cash outflow $ 40,000.00 $ 80,000.00 $ 1,40,000.00 $ 2,50,000.00 $ 3,20,000.00 Cumulative cash outflow $ -5,30,000.00 $ -4,90,000.00 $ -4,10,000.00 $ -2,70,000.00 $ -20,000.00 $ 3,00,000.00 Cost of capital 20% Discounting factor 1.00 0.833333333 0.694444444 0.578703704 0.482253086 0.401877572 Present value $ 33,333.33 $ 55,555.56 $ 81,018.52 $ 1,20,563.27 $ 1,28,600.82 Total present value $ 4,19,071.50 Payback period 4.0625 Years Net present value $ -1,10,928.50 (Fischer and Sirianni, 1994; Weygandt, Kieso and Kimmel, 2002) From the above two calculations, it can be said that the payback period as well as NPV of central London clinic is in adverse situation than west London clinic. So, there is no need of transferring the clinic. Recommendations and conclusion: Thus, to conclude it can be said that gathering information as well as evaluation using statistical tool will provide enough support in business decision making. So, under such circumstances, it is recommended to Mr. Graeme Craig to gather data using above tools and evaluating them though the same approach used for route 24 to draw desire conclusion. References: Fischer, F. and Sirianni, C. (1994).Critical Studies In Organization And Bureaucracy. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. Fitzgerald, S. (2002).Decision making. Oxford, U.K.: Capstone Pub. Kimmel, P., Weygandt, J. and Kieso, D. (2007).Financial accounting. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley. Kimmel, P., Weygandt, J., Kieso, D. and Kimmel, P. (2008).Accounting. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley Sons, Inc. Lockyer, K. (1969).An introduction to critical path analysis. London: Pitman. Lockyer, K. and Lockyer, K. (1984).Critical path analysis and other project network techniques. London: Pitman. Lowe, C. (1969).Critical path analysis by bar chart. London: Business Books. Weygandt, J., Kieso, D. and Kimmel, P. (2002).Managerial accounting. New York: Wiley.